Internet of Things (IOT) Glossary
Whatever the growth forecasts, connected objects are already widely present in our daily lives, considerably changing our uses. The world of the Internet of Things is vast and involves different but complementary concepts. What is Artificial Intelligence? What is a Network? What does Healthcare mean? When are we talking about a Connected Home? What is the purpose of a Cloud? What does Interoperability mean? What does Big Data mean? To answer your questions, Legrand offers you a glossary containing all the definitions of terms related to the IoT.
AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction. Particular applications of AI include expert systems, speech recognition and machine vision.
Analytics
Software systems that analyze the data generated by IoT devices. The analysis can be used for a variety of scenarios, such as predictive maintenance
API (Application Programming Interface)
Mean for a software to communicate with another software.
Application Layer
This includes the protocols and interfaces that devices use to identify and communicate with each other.
Big data
High-volume, high-velocity and/or high-variety information assets that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of information processing that enable enhanced insight, decision making, and process automation.
Cloud
Internet-based computing that provides shared computer processing resources and data (e.g., computer networks, servers, storage, applications and services) to computers and other devices on demand and can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management.
Commission
The process of assuring that all systems and components of a project or solution are designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained according to the operational requirements of the project owner or final client.
Note: A commissioning process may be applied not only to new also to existing units and systems subject to expansion, renovation
Communication Protocols
A communications system quantity. They have 7 layers and the focus is usually on two functions, the network and the application.
• Network Layers: The network (layers 1-6) defines the physical properties and how data is transferred. (An everyday example of a network layer is the telephone network which include cell phones, land lines, VoIP as network layers.)
o Common networks for IoT include:
• IP standards (Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Cellular, Long range RF networks such as SigFox, and Thread)
• Other non-IP networks examples include the serial network RS-485 (used for BACnet MS/TP)
o These layers require a language (application) to communicate before they can be leveraged.
• Application Layer: The application layer is the language on the network. (An everyday example of Application Layer for telephones is French / English / Spanish.)
o Common Applications for IoT include: BACnet, KNX, Zigbee, Dot Dot Dot, Weave and IoTivity.
• BACnet for example can run on RS-485, Wi-Fi and Thread.
Connected Device
Device connected to a network where features and functionality are enhanced via the connection: e.g. tablet, smart phones, WAPs, Intelligent LED light, etc,..
Connected Home
A connected home is networked to enable the interconnection and interoperability of multiple devices, services and apps, ranging from communications and entertainment to healthcare, security and home automation.
Dashboard
Displays information about the IoT ecosystem to users and enables them to control their IoT ecosystem.
Data Storage
Where data from IoT devices is stored.
Decommission(ing)
A formal process to remove something from an active status.
Edge (An IoT Philosophy)
The migration of computing applications, data, and services away from centralized nodes to the logical extremes of a network, enabling analytics and knowledge generation to occur at the source of the data.
Eliot
Eliot is the Legrand connected objects program. Eliot program aims to inject the power of communication into Legrand’s products and services, wherever the Internet of Things can improve the user experience. Eliot also supports the development of suitable digital infrastructures for buildings and is doing everything it can to promote interoperability. The aim is to deliver additional benefits for all private and professional users, whether they are end users or installers.
Enablers
Thing that makes something possible.
Energy Management
Consumer services and devices/apps allow people to track, control and monitor their gas/electricity consumption.
Federated Identity (Login)
The means of linking a person’s identity and attributes, stored across multiple distinct identity management systems. (Such as single sign-on (SSO), in which a user's single authentication ticket, or token, is trusted across multiple IT systems or even organizations. SSO is a subset of federated identity management, as it relates only to authentication and is understood on the level of technical interoperability.
Fog (An IoT Architecture)
An architecture approach that uses a collaborative multitude of end-user clients or near-user edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of temporary storage, communication, control, configuration, measurement and management.
Gateway (An IoT Enabler)
An IoT gateway is a device that enables machine-to-machine communication by connecting appliances in the home, workplace or smart city to networks.
Healthcare
Devices or applications related to the fitness and wellness sector that seamlessly integrate with each other to create a strong customer experience.
Home Automation
Technologies and/or services that focus on monitoring and protecting the home as well as the remote and automated control of doors, windows, blinds and locks, heating/air conditioning, lighting and home appliances, and more.
Information Access Management (IAM)
The security disciple that enables the right individuals to access the right resources at the right times for the right reasons.
Infrastructure
Things that allow connected devices to connect permanently and securely within buildings.
Intelligent LED Lighting
Refers to lighting that has automated or mechanical abilities beyond those of traditional lighting, utilizing DC power and control delivered through partial or complete Ethernet based structured cabling, for improved efficiency and tailored user experience.
Interoperability
Ability of a product or system to communicate/work with other products or systems.
IoT
The Internet of Things is a network of uniquely identifiable endpoints (or “things”) that contain embedded technology to sense, collect, communicate and, exchange data locally or with external environments, without human interaction affecting our daily life.
IoT Enabler
Combination of network Infrastructure & active devices to support IoT environment: e.g. PoE, WAPs, gateways, edge devices, etc…
IoT Protocol
Protocols Include Network and Application layers (All 7 layers) Examples include: IoTivity, Zigbee, KNX, ZWave, BACnet MS/TP, EnOcean, Echelon, KNX-IP.
• Note I: Applications can run on different networks to form a protocol
• Note II: Primary benefit of IP and Iotivity is no translation required (eg. English to Spanish)
• Note III: Some solutions today use a layer and the network layer
• Note IV: Application translation requires driver development which requires constant updating
IP Convergence
IP Convergence refers to the capability of the Internet to act as a single foundation for various functions that traditionally had their own platforms.
Network Layer
Responsible for transmitting the data collected by the physical layer to different devices.
Networks
The internet communication layer that enables the entity to communicate with their device, and sometimes enables devices to communicate with each other.
Networking
Familiar home networking technologies (high bandwidth/high power consumption), such as Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA), Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, as well as 3G and Long Term Evolution (LTE), are complemented with low-power consumption networking standards for devices and sensors that require low bandwidth and consume very little power, such as thermostats.
Physical Layer
The hardware that makes an IoT device, including sensors and networking gear.
Portal
A page on Internet that allows people to get useful information
Power & Data Convergence
The consolidation and delivery of power and data over a single infrastructure, usually over category cabling.
• Note I: In the early 2000’s Telephony began its migration towards Internet Protocol (IP) infrastructure, and Security which followed in the lat 2000’s. Today we are awaiting the High Voltage Electrical and Low Voltage Communication’s eminent migration
• Note II: IP convergence isn’t limited to voice and data. It includes video services as well (e.g. IP Cameras…)
Power Over Ethernet (PoE)
Power Over Ethernet or PoE consists of several standardized systems which enable transferring data and power through a single Ethernet cable, from a power source equipment (PSE) to several low voltage powered devices (PD), such as cameras, VoIP phones, Wi-Fi routers and others.
• Note: Povers over HDBaseT (PoH) is a version of PoE specifically for multimedia applications, enabling up to 10.2 Gbps of uncompressed video and audio, 100BaseT Ethernet, control signals and power to all share the same cable, across distances up to 100 m, using RJ45 connectors.
Remotes
Enabling entities that connect to and control IoT devices using a dashboard, such as a mobile application. They include smartphones, tablets, PCs, smartwatches, connected TVs, and non-traditional remotes.
Standard
A document that recommends a protocol, interface, type of wiring, or some other aspect of a system.
Trade Convergence
A landscape where two industrial/commercial trades through technology and environment changes cause legacy deployments to migrate towards non-traditional deployments.
True IoT Device
A connected device with sensing and logic that mus have a connection to the network to be functional: e.g. Intelligent LED lighting, Occupancy Sensor, Environmental sensors (NEST), etc,...
Vocal assistant
Digital assistant that uses voice recognition, natural language processing and speech synthesis to provide aid to users through phones and voice recognition applications.
Works with Legrand
Embodied by a portal, Works with Legrand is designed to enable third parties to connect to its solutions in order to offer new services and functionalities and, hence, to create added value for the end user. This portal offers access to all resources providing the means to interact with Legrand's products: documentation, language, APIs, etc.